In short,
- Golfer’s elbow causes pain and inflammation on the inner side of your elbow.
- Non-surgical treatments often relieve pain, but severe cases may require surgery.
- It’s best to consult a doctor for diagnosis and the best treatment approach.
Understanding Golfer’s Elbow
Golfer’s elbow, or medial epicondylitis, is an overuse injury affecting the tendons that connect forearm muscles to the medial epicondyle (the bony bump on the inside of your elbow), and there are a variety of non-surgical treatments for golfer’s elbow.
This can cause pain and tenderness along the inner side of the elbow, potentially radiating down the forearm. Unlike tennis elbow, which affects the lateral epicondyle (outer elbow), golfer’s elbow affects the medial epicondyle (inner elbow).
Finding the right doctor to treat pain is important, and our specialists, Dr. Baylis and Dr. Brown, can help make sure you get the right kind of care.
Who is at Risk for Golfer’s Elbow?
While golfers are susceptible, anyone performing repetitive wrist flexion and pronation can develop golfer’s elbow. Occupations like carpentry and construction increase the risk.
Poor conditioning, improper technique, and inadequate warm-ups can also contribute. Individuals who participate in activities that require repetitive gripping, such as weightlifting or rowing, are also at increased risk.
Common Causes of Golfer’s Elbow
Overuse and Repetitive Motion
Repetitive motions, especially wrist flexion (bending the wrist down) and pronation (turning the palm down), strain the forearm tendons. Activities like swinging a golf club or hammering can overload these tendons. Insufficient rest prevents healing, leading to micro-tears and inflammation.
These micro-tears accumulate over time, eventually leading to the pain and dysfunction associated with golfer’s elbow.
Improper Technique and Equipment Examples That Can Impact Golfer’s Elbow
- Incorrect form during activities places excessive stress on the elbow tendons.
- Using poorly maintained or the wrong size equipment can also contribute.
- Using tools that are too heavy or ones that are not ergonomically designed.
Other Risk Factors
Age can be a factor, as tendons become less flexible. Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, may also increase the risk of tendon injuries. Smoking can also impair blood flow to the tendons, hindering their ability to heal and increasing the risk of injury.
What Are Golfer’s Elbow Warning Signs?
Pain and Tenderness
The primary symptom is pain and tenderness on the inner side of the elbow, specifically around the medial epicondyle. Pain may worsen with wrist flexion and pronation and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain.
The pain may also radiate down the forearm towards the wrist. In some cases, the pain can be sharp and stabbing, while in others, it may be a dull ache.
Stiffness and Weakness
- Stiffness in the elbow joint, particularly in the morning, is common.
- Weakness in the hand and wrist can make gripping difficult.
- Numbness or tingling may radiate into the ring and little fingers if the ulnar nerve is compressed.
Nerve compression, known as ulnar neuropathy, can occur due to inflammation and swelling in the elbow region.
Diagnosis and Testing for Golfer’s Elbow
Physical Examination
A doctor will assess range of motion, tenderness, and strength. Resisted wrist flexion and pronation can help identify the pain source. The doctor will rule out other conditions like ulnar nerve entrapment or arthritis.
Specific tests, such as the resisted wrist flexion test, involve the patient flexing their wrist against resistance while the elbow is straight. Pain during this test is indicative of golfer’s elbow.
Imaging Tests
X-rays may rule out fractures or arthritis. MRI can show detailed images of soft tissues to identify tears or inflammation. Ultrasound can also visualize tendons for inflammation or tears.
MRI is particularly useful for identifying the extent of tendon damage and ruling out other conditions that may mimic golfer’s elbow.
Treatment Options
Non-Surgical Treatment for Golfer’s Elbow
Rest is crucial. Avoid activities that worsen the pain. Ice packs can reduce inflammation. Physical therapy improves strength and range of motion. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or naproxen can manage pain.
A typical physical therapy program includes stretching exercises to improve flexibility and strengthening exercises to improve muscle strength and endurance. Bracing can also provide support and reduce stress on the tendons.
Advanced Therapy Treatment for Golfer’s Elbow
Corticosteroid injections can provide temporary relief but have potential side effects and are not a long-term solution. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections use the patient’s platelets to promote healing. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous tenotomy breaks up scar tissue.
PRP injections involve drawing a small amount of the patient’s blood, processing it to concentrate the platelets, and then injecting the platelet-rich plasma into the damaged tendon.
Is Surgery Ever Needed?
Surgery is rarely needed as a treatment for golfer’s elbow, and is typically considered only after 6-12 months of failed non-surgical treatment. It involves removing damaged tissue and reattaching the tendon.
Post-operative rehabilitation is essential for regaining full function. The surgical procedure typically involves an open or arthroscopic approach to debride the damaged tendon tissue and repair any tears. Rehabilitation after surgery can take several months.
Prevention and Lifestyle Changes as Treatments for Golfer’s Elbow
Proper Technique and Warm-Up
Use proper technique to minimize stress on your elbow. Warm up thoroughly before activities. Stretch forearm muscles regularly. Focus on controlled movements and avoid overexertion.
A proper warm-up should include dynamic stretching exercises that prepare the muscles for activity.
Strengthening Exercises
Strengthen forearm muscles with wrist curls and grip exercises, performed gradually and with proper form. Consult a physical therapist for guidance.
Eccentric exercises, which involve slowly lengthening the muscle under tension, are particularly effective for strengthening tendons.
Ergonomic Adjustments
Adjust your workspace to reduce strain. Use proper posture and support your forearm. Take frequent breaks to stretch. Ensure your chair is at the correct height and that your keyboard and mouse are positioned to minimize strain on your wrists and elbows.
When to Seek Professional Care for Golfer’s Elbow
Seek medical attention for persistent pain that doesn’t improve with rest and over-the-counter pain relievers, or if pain interferes with daily activities. Seek immediate medical care if you experience sudden, severe pain, loss of sensation, or inability to move your elbow, wrist, or hand.
These symptoms could indicate a more serious condition requiring prompt medical attention.
Baylis & Brown Orthopedics: Find Treatment for Golfer’s Elbow in Plantation, FL
Baylis & Brown Orthopedics provides comprehensive diagnosis and personalized treatment for golfer’s elbow and related injuries. Dr. Baylis specializes in shoulder pain and golfer’s elbow treatments, is dedicated to helping individuals and athletes get pain relief and providing individualized treatment.
Call Baylis & Brown Orthopedics at (954) 476-8800 or use our online appointment request form.
